Practice Logical Reasoning UGC NET Paper 1 MCQ questions and answers . Improve analytical thinking, argument evaluation, and reasoning ability with exam-oriented practice questions.
What is Logical Reasoning?
Logical reasoning is the process of analyzing information, statements, or arguments in a structured and systematic way in order to reach a valid conclusion. It involves using rules of logic to evaluate relationships between ideas, identify assumptions, and determine whether an argument is strong or weak.
Logical reasoning helps individuals think clearly, make rational decisions, and solve problems by examining evidence and drawing conclusions based on facts rather than emotions or assumptions.
Key Features of Logical Reasoning
- It involves critical and analytical thinking.
- It helps in evaluating arguments and statements.
- It focuses on drawing logical conclusions from given information.
- It improves problem-solving and decision-making skills.
Example
Statement: All teachers are educated people.
Rina is a teacher.
Conclusion: Therefore, Rina is an educated person.
This conclusion is logically derived from the given statements.
Importance of Logical Reasoning
- Helps in solving complex problems
- Improves analytical thinking ability
- Important for competitive examinations like UGC NET, UPSC, WBPSC and other aptitude tests
- Supports decision-making and research skills
In simple terms, logical reasoning is the ability to think in a structured and rational way to reach a correct conclusion based on given information.
Logical Reasoning UGC NET Paper 1 Syllabus
Logical Reasoning is Unit 6 of the UGC NET Paper 1 syllabus. It tests a candidate’s ability to analyze arguments, evaluate reasoning, and draw logical conclusions. The questions generally assess analytical thinking, reasoning ability, and understanding of logical structures.
Unit – VI : Logical Reasoning
| Chapter | Topics / Subjects |
|---|---|
| 1 | Understanding the structure of arguments – Argument forms, categorical propositions, mood and figure, formal and informal fallacies. |
| 2 | Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning |
| 3 | Analogies |
| 4 | Venn diagram – Simple and multiple uses for establishing validity of arguments |
| 5 | Indian Logic – Means of knowledge |
| 6 | Pramanas – Pratyaksha, Anumana, Upamana, Shabda, Arthapatti and Anupalabdhi |
| 7 | Structure and kinds of Anumana (Inference), Vyapti and Hetvabhasa |
Logical Reasoning UGC NET Paper 1 MCQ Questions and Answers
Q. Prama, according to Nyaya, is :
a. Smrti.
b. Samsaya.
c. Vikalpa.
d. Yathartha.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ d (Yathartha).
Q. “The world is an effect and hence it must have an efficient and intelligent cause. That efficient and intelligent cause is God”. Which means of knowledge is used in this argument as per classical Indian school of logic ?
a. Perception.
b. Inference.
c. Analogy.
d. Verbal authority.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b (Inference).
Q. If the statement “No birds are animals” is given as false. Which of the following statements can be inferred to be true ?
a. Some animals are not birds.
b. Some birds are not animals.
c. Some animals are birds.
d. Some birds are animals.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. a and b only.
B. c and d only.
C. b only.
D. a, b, c and d only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ B (c and d only).
Q. Which of the following propositions are so related that they cannot both be false, though they can both be true ?
a. Some poems are artworks.
b. All poems are artworks.
c. Some poems are not artworks.
d. Some artworks are poems.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. a and d only.
B. a and c only.
C. b and c only.
D. a and b only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶B a and c only).
Q. Which fallacy is committed in the following statements – “I can expect that you would not find any moral issue in making abortion illegal, since your ability to feel sympathy for the rights of women in general is very limited ?
a. Begging the questions.
b. Ad Hominem.
c. Hasty generalisation.
d. Slippery slope.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b (Ad Hominem).
Q. Arrange the following terms in order of increasing denotation.
a. Chess.
b. Board games.
c. Sports.
d. Indoor games.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. a, b, c, d.
B. c, d, a, b.
C. c, d, b, a.
D. a, b, d, c.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶D ( a, b, d, c ).
Q. Which of the following statements are logically equivalent ?
a. No soaps are writing – tools.
b. All soaps are non – writing – tools.
c. No non – writing – tools are soaps.
d. No writing – tools are soaps.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. a and d only.
B. a, b and d only.
C. b and c only.
D. a and c only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ B ( a, b and d only ).
Q. Arrange the following in order of decreasing extension.
a. Cheese.
b. Food products.
c. Dairy products.
d. Cottage cheese.
choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. a, d, c, b.
B. c, b, a, d.
C. b, c, a, d.
D. d, a, c, b.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ C ( b, c, a, d ).
Q. If the statement “Some animals are not birds” is given as false, which of the following statements can be inferred to be true?
a. All animals are birds.
b. No birds are animals.
c. No animals are birds.
d. Some animals are birds.
choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. a and b only.
B. b and d only.
C. a and d only.
D. b and c only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ C ( a and d only ).
Q. “It is immoral to use textbooks with profane words in them because it is not right for our children to be exposed to disrespectful and ugly words”. Which logical fallacy is committed in the above argument ?
a. Argument in circle.
b. Hasty generalisation.
c. Strawman.
d. Fallacy of Division.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ a ( Argument in circle ).
Q. Arrange the following in order of increasing intension.
a. Prose.
b. Story.
c. Short story.
d. Literary work.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. d, a, b, c.
B. d, b, c, a.
C. c, b, a, d.
D. c, a, b, d.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ B ( d, b, c, a ).
Q. What is the sequential order of a comprehensible sentence in Nyaya philosophy.
a . kansha.
b. Yogyata.
c. Tatparya.
d. Sanniddhi.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
A) d, c, b, a.
B) a, b, d, c.
C) c, d, b, a.
D) d, c, a, b.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ B ) a, b, d, c.
Q. Given below are two: statements
Statement I: Indian Logic makes a distinction between deduction and induction.
Statement II: Indian Logic studies thought as such and not the forms of thought alone.
in the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. Both Statement I and Statement II are true. b. Both Statement I and Statement II are false. c. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
d. Statement I is false but statement II is true.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ d ( statement I is false but statement II is true ).
Q. “Sound is eternal” because it is caused commits the fallacy (hetvabhasa) of:
a. Asiddha.
b. Satpratipaksa.
c. Savyabhicara.
d. Viruddha.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ d ( Viruddha ).
Q. Given below are two statements :
Statement I: Paravidya means knowledge that transcends human experience.
Statement II: Aparavidya means knowledge based on the human experience.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
a. Both statement I and II are true.
b. Both statement I and II are false.
c. Statement I is true but statement II is false.
d. Statement I is false but statement II is true.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( Both statement I and II are true ).
Q. Which of the following pramanas are accepted by Vaisheshika philosophy?
a. Pratyaksa.
b. Anumana.
c. Sabda.
d. Upamana.
e. Arthapatti.
f. Anupalabdhi.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A. a and b only.
B. c and d only.
C. e and f only.
D. c and b only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ A ( a and b only ).
Q. The sequential order of syllogism on Nyaya philosophy is :
A. Nigmam.
B. Udaharana.
C. Hetu.
D. Upanaya.
E. Pratigya.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. A, E, C, D, B.
b. E, C, B, D, A.
c. E, B, C, D, A.
d. D, A, B, C, E.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( E, C, B, D, A ).
Q. Which of the following are accepted in Buddhism ?
A. Adhyasa.
B. Apoha.
C. Abhava.
D. Arthapatti.
E. Pratyaiksha.
F. Sabada.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. A and B only.
b. C and D only.
c. B and E only.
d. E and F only.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( B and E only ).
Q. According to classical Indian school of logic knowledge derived from comparison and which roughly corresponds to analogy is —-
a. Arthapatti.
b. Anumana.
c. Upamana.
d. Anupalabdhi.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( Upamana ).
Q. Which of the following means of knowledge involves positing of something for making any unit of cognition self – complete ?
a. Comparison.
b. Postulation.
c. Non – cognition.
d. Verbal testimony.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( postulation ).
Q. Which of the following pramans are accepted by sankhya philosophy ?
a. Pratyaksa.
b. Anumana.
c. Sabda.
d. All of the above.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ d ( All of the above ).
Q. In Indian logic, which means of knowledge is drawn from the similarity between two objects ?
a. Comparison.
b. Verbal testimony.
c. Inference.
d. Perception.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ a ( comparison ).
Q. If the conclusion is “All Peacock are Blue” then what is the major term in the statement ?
a. All.
b. Peacock.
c. Blue.
d. Are.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( Blue ).
Q. Which type of argument is considered as particular to general ?
a. Inductive argument.
d. Deductive argument.
c. Informal argument.
d. Abductive argument.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( Inductive argument ).
Q. Which of the following is the defining feature of a valid deduction ?
a. Vagueness.
b. Certainty.
c. Indefiniteness.
d. Uncertainty.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( Certainty ).
Q. “All gentlemen are polite.
No criminals are polite.
No criminals are gentlemen”
Identity the major term in the above syllogism.
a. Predicate in the premises.
b. Subject in the premises.
c. Subject of the first premises and predicate of the conclusion.
d. Subject of the second premises and subject of the conclusion.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( subject of the first premises and predicate of the conclusion ).
Q. Which one of the following options describes as a valid deductive argument with all the premises and the conclusion as true ?
a. Improbable argument.
b. Probable argument.
c. Sound argument.
d. Unsound argument.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( sound argument ).
Q. Given below are two statements :
Statement – I : If a deductive argument is valid and its premises are true, we say that the argument is sound.
Statement – II : If an inductive argument is strong and it’s premises are true, we say that it is cogent.
in the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. Both statement I and II are true.
b. Both statement I and II are false.
c. Statement I is true but statement II is false.
d. Statement I is false but statement II is true.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ a ( Both statement I and II are true ).
Q. According to which pramana the knowledge gained through seeing the relation between cause and effect that includes postulation, supposition and presumption is known as —-
a. Arthapatti.
b. Anupalabdhi.
c. Shabda.
d. None of the above.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( arthapatti ).
Q. The argument that the fat Saint must be eating secretly at night, although he does not eat during the day and claims not to eat at all is based on which of the following means of knowledge as per classical Indian logic ?
a. Verbal testimony.
b. Comparison.
c. Postulation.
d. Non – cognition.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( postulation ).
Q. Which of the following pramana is defined as the knowledge of the relation between a word and its denotation ?
a. Verbal testimony.
b. Comparison.
c. Inference.
d. Perception.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( comparison ).
Q. Which one of the following proposition is a contrary to ” All dancer are Talented” ?
a. No dancer are Talented.
b. Some dancer are not Talented.
c. Some dancer are Talented.
d. No Talented person are Dancer.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( No Dancer are Talented ).
Q. Sub – contrary to the proposition “some cats are apples” is…….
a. No cats are apples.
b. Some cats are not apples.
c. All cats are apples.
d. Some cats are apples.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( some cats are not apples ).
Q. If the proposition ” All policeman are poor” is false, which the following proposition can be claimed to be true ?
a. Some policeman are poor.
b. Some policeman are not poor.
c. No policeman is poor.
d. No poor person is a policeman.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ b ( some policeman are not poor).
Q. Which one of the decides the figure of a categorical proposition ?
a. Middle term.
b. Minor term.
c. Major term.
d. All of the above.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( Middle term ).
Q. Which of the following term are used to express the link between the subject and predicate ?
a. Quality.
b. Capula.
c. Quantity.
d. Both Quality and Quantity.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ b ( Capula ).
Q. Which of the following statements is logically equivalent to the statement – “No saints are Materialists” ?
a. No materialists are saints.
b. Some materialists are saints.
c. All non – materialists are non – saints.
d. Some non – materialists are non – saints.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ a ( No materialists are saints ).
Q. “All bipeds are rational.
Swans are bipeds.
Swans are rational.”
commits the fallacy of——-
a. Asiddha.
b. Satpratipaksa.
c. Savyabhicara.
d. Viruddha
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( Savyabhicara ).
Q. What is the correct sequence of steps in case of inference according to Indian Logic ?
A) Statement of similarity/applicability of the example to case in consideration (upanaya).
B) Statement of Reason (hetu).
C) Affirmation of the thesis as proved (nigmana).
D) Statement of thesis (Pratijna).
E) Giving an example of the underlying rule (udaharana).
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. D, E, A, C, B.
b. D, C, B, A, E.
c. D, B, E, A, C.
d. D, E, A, B, C.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶c. (D, B, E, A, C.)
Q. Given below are two statements :
Statement I: Indian Logic makes a distinction between deduction and induction.
Statement II: Indian Logic studies thought as such and not the forms of thought alone.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
b. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
c. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
d. Statement I is false but Statement II is true.
Show Answer
✅ Ans.⟶ d ( statement I is false but statement II is true ).
Q. Arrange the following group of terms in order of increasing intension ?
A. Tiger.
B. Mammals.
C. Feline.
D. Animal.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. A, C, B, D.
b. D, A, C, B.
c. D, B, C, A.
d. A, B, C, D.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ c ( D, B, C, A ).
Q. Arrange the following group of terms in order of decreasing extension ?
A. Mammal.
B. Animal.
C. Tiger.
D. Feline.
choose the correct answer from the options given below :
a. B, A, C, D.
b. A, B, D, C.
c. C, D, A, B.
d. B, A, D, C.
Show Answer
✅ Ans. ⟶ d ( B, A, D, C ).
Conclusion
Logical reasoning is an important component of the UGC NET Paper 1 examination as it evaluates a candidate’s ability to think critically, analyze arguments, and draw logical conclusions. Regular practice of multiple-choice questions helps aspirants improve accuracy, speed, and analytical skills.
By understanding the basic principles of reasoning and practicing different types of questions such as arguments, assumptions, conclusions, and logical sequences, candidates can significantly enhance their performance in the examination. Therefore, consistent practice and conceptual clarity are essential for mastering logical reasoning for UGC NET.
References
- Kothari, C. R. (2019). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Delhi, India: New Age International Publishers.
- Singh, Y. K. (2011). Educational research. New Delhi, India: APH Publishing Corporation.
- Aggarwal, R. S. (2017). A modern approach to logical reasoning. New Delhi, India: S. Chand Publishing.
- Aggarwal, J. C., Theory and Principles of Education. 13th Ed. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
- V.R. Taneja, Educational Thoughts & Practice. Sterling Publication Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi
- Nayak, B.K, Text Book of Foundation of Education. Cuttack, Odisha: KitabMhal
- Ravi, S. Samuel, A Comprehensive Study of Education, Fourth Printing-May 2016, Delhi – 110092, ISBN – 978-81-203-4182-1,
- Logical Reasoning UGC NET Paper 1 MCQ Questions and Answers
- Internet sources
Q – What is Logical Reasoning in UGC NET Paper 1?
Ans. – Logical reasoning in UGC NET Paper 1 refers to questions that test a candidate’s ability to analyze arguments, identify assumptions, draw conclusions, and evaluate logical relationships.
Q – How many questions are asked from Logical Reasoning in UGC NET Paper 1?
Ans. – Usually around 5 questions in Paper 1 are related to logical reasoning concepts such as arguments, inference, analogy, and reasoning patterns.
Q. What are the common topics in Logical Reasoning for UGC NET?
Ans. – Common topics include arguments, assumptions, conclusions, statement and inference, analogy, reasoning patterns, and logical structure of arguments.
